Prevalence of refractive errors and amblyopia and their correlation with demographic factors in the children over four years of age who underwent their first ophthalmologic examinations [J Behcet Uz Child Hosp]
Prevalence of refractive errors and amblyopia and their correlation with demographic factors in the children over four years of age who underwent their first ophthalmologic examinations
Sultan Kaya Ünsal1, Emine Şeker Ün2, Serkan Kılınç31Ophthalmology,medikal Park Gebze Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey 2Department Of Ophthalmology, Şifa University, İzmir, Turkey 3Ophthalmology,havza State Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of amblyopia,refractive errors and other accompanying pathologies in children over four years of age who underwent their first ophthalmologic examination. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 76 children who were admitted to the ophthalmology clinic of the Sakarya Yenikent State Hospital for the first eye exam in the period from February to May 2012. Visual acuity was first measured, then dynamic retinoscopy, slit-lamp biomicroscopy and fundus examination was performed for all the patients. Cycloplegic eye examination was conducted for required patients. RESULTS: Out of the 76 children, 41 were girls and 35 were boys, the youngest was 4 and the oldest was 15 years old, and the mean age was 9.01 ± 2.73 years. Out of the 43 (43/76; 56.5%) children with refractive errors, 19 (19/76; 25.0%) cases had hypermetropia, 12 (12/76, 15.8%) cases had myopia, and 12 (12/76, 15.8%) cases had astigmatism, while any refractive error was detected in 33 (43.5%) children. Considering age and emmetropization of the children, appropriate eyeglasses were given. Among children, amblyopia was detected in 12 (15.8%) cases. Of the amblyopic children, 1 (1.3%) patient had cataract, 2 (2.6%) patients had esotropia, and 1 (1.3%) patient had exotropia. CONCLUSION: In our country, the first eye examination of the children is generally performed after the age of 4, in which they become more responsive and communicative. Since the age period is critical for the ambliyopia treatment, even if the parents and the child had another complaint, refraction test should be performed. In this way, ambliyopia which is a cause of avoidable blindness can be detected more easily.
Keywords: chilhood, ambliyopia, refractive errors
İlk kez muayene olan dört yaş üzeri çocuklarda kırma kusurları ambliyopi prevalansı ve bunların demografik faktörlerle ilişkisi
Sultan Kaya Ünsal1, Emine Şeker Ün2, Serkan Kılınç31Medikal Park Gebze Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları, Kocaeli 2Şifa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Göz Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı, İzmir 3Havza Devlet Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları, Samsun
AMAÇ: Dört yaş ve üzeri ilk defa göz muayenesine gelen çocuklarda kırma kusurları, ambliyopi prevalansının belirlenmesi ve bunlara eşlik eden patolojileri tespit etmek. YÖNTEMLER: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya Şubat - Mayıs 2012 tarihleri arasında Sakarya Yenikent Devlet Hastanesi Göz polikliniğine hayatında ilk defa göz muayenesine başvuran 76 çocuk hasta alındı. Hastaların görme keskinlikleri alındı. Ardından dinamik retinoskopi, yarıklı lamba biyomikroskobi ve fundus muayenesi yapıldı. Gerekli olan tüm hastalara sikloplejik muayene yapıldı. BULGULAR: Çalışmaya alınan 41’i kız 35’i erkek 76 çocuğun, en küçüğü 4, en büyüğü 15 yaşında olup ortalama yaşları 9,01±2,73 yıldı. Kırma kusuru olan 43 (43/76; %56,5) çocuktan 19 (19/76; %25,0)’unda hipermetropi, 12 (12/76; %15,8)’sinde miyopi ve 12 (12/76; %15,8)’sinde astigmat tespit edildi. 33 (%43,5) çocuğun muayenesinde ise kırma kusuru saptanmadı. Yaş ve emetropizasyonları göz önüne alınarak gözlükleri yazıldı. Çocukların 12 (%15,8)’sinde ambliyopi, ambliyop olanlar içerisinden 1 (%1,3)’inde katarakt, 2 (%2,6)’sinde esotropya ve 1 (%1,3)’inde ise ekzotropya tespit edildi. SONUÇ: Ülkemizde çocuklar genellikle ilk göz muayenesine iletişim kurdukları ve etrafa daha uyumlu oldukları 4 yaş sonrası getirilmektedirler. Ambliyopi tedavisi için kritik olan bu yaş döneminde ailenin ve çocuğun şikayeti farklı olsa bile çocuklara mutlaka refraksiyon muayenesi yapılmalıdır. Böylece önlenebilir körlük nedenlerinden biri olan ambliyopi daha kolaylıkla saptanabilir.
Sultan Kaya Ünsal, Emine Şeker Ün, Serkan Kılınç. Prevalence of refractive errors and amblyopia and their correlation with demographic factors in the children over four years of age who underwent their first ophthalmologic examinations. J Behcet Uz Child Hosp. 2013; 3(3): 181-185
Journal of Behcet Uz Children's Hospital is indexed by the Web of Science-Emerging Sources Citation Index, EBSCO Academic Search Database, Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic Search, Ulakbim TR Dizin, Türk Medline, the Turkish Citation Index, J-Gate and Cabi.
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